{"_meta":{"register":"TITLE BRANDING: when must a vehicle receive a salvage or branded title. These numbers do NOT decide when an insurer declares a total loss and writes a check; that is a separate economic decision in a separate register.","coverage":"51 of 51 US jurisdictions verified and in-cadence. A state absent from this response is not verified fresh; absence is never a \"no\".","doNotPublishAsRange":"There is no meaningful \"states are 60-80 percent\" summary; denominators, exemptions, parts tests and insurer-possession triggers differ so much that the percentages do not compare. Cite per state.","pctIsDerived":"Rows flagged pctIsDerived record 100 for a law that says \"repair cost exceeds the vehicle value\" WITHOUT stating a percentage. The 100 is our arithmetic for sorting, never quote it as the statute's words.","subRegisters":"JUNK/FLOOD ARE SEPARATE REGISTER QUESTIONS, not values of the salvage trigger. Three sub-registers live under TITLE_BRANDING: salvage_trigger (the existing percentage/determination data -- a GATEWAY status with a rebuild path), flood_brand (a CAUSE-based brand: a submersion test, not an economics test; in WV flood is total loss BY DEFINITION with no percentage at all, and in WV/DC the cosmetic or voluntary routes expressly exclude it), and junk_terminal (nonrepairable / junk / parts-only: a TERMINAL status -- the vehicle may not return to the road, so the consumer question it answers is different in kind from salvage). Flattening either into the percentage table would misstate the law in every state read so far.","license":"CC BY 4.0: attribute to The Autobody Directory with a link.","asOf":"2026-08-14"},"counts":{"verified":51,"withFloodBrand":10,"withJunkTerminal":11},"rows":[{"state":"AK","name":"Alaska","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":100,"pctIsDerived":true,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-334): 2 AAC 92.170(c)(2) read verbatim from dmv.alaska.gov and akleg.gov (first-party, owner-supplied). NO stated percentage -- \"constructive total loss\" is an EXCLUSIVE \"exceeds worth\" test; denominator = the vehicle's worth or insured value; the salvageTitleBrandPct 100 is a derivation of \"exceeds worth\", not a statutory figure. Verbatim: constructive total loss \"means the vehicle is damaged to a sufficient degree that the cost of repairing the vehicle exceeds the vehicle's worth or insured value\".","ageLimit":null,"citation":"2 AAC 92.170(a) (duty) and (c)(2) (constructive total loss); 2 AAC 92.190 (downstream salvage brand); AS 28.10 (statutory reconstructed-vehicle notation, no threshold)","sourceUrl":"https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-28.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"AL","name":"Alabama","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: INCLUSIVE. s 32-8-87(d)(1) 'greater than or equal to 75 percent'; the rule at 810-5-75-.57(1)(d) matches with 'greater than or equal to 75 percent'. Exactly 75.0 qualifies.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Ala. Code § 32-8-87 -- (b)(1)a two triggers, (d)(1) 75 percent and denominator, (d)(2) numerator exclusions, (j)(4) major-component count, (k)-(l) inspection, (m) component parts by body style, (o)-(q) marking and disclosure; Rule 810-5-75-.57; Rule 810-5-75-.48; Rule 810-5-75-.59 (VIN assignment only)","sourceUrl":"https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=32-8-87","readOn":"2026-08-06/07","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"Flood Vehicle","causeTest":"DISCLOSURE-BASED, NOT A DEPTH TEST -- unlike DC/WV/AR, Rule 810-5-75-.57(1)(b)-(c) requires the applicant to \"disclose the city and state where the total loss occurred and whether the vehicle was declared a total loss due, in part, to water damage\", and (3) issues the legend \"if such disclosure was made on the MVT 41-1\". The brand follows the declaration, not a measured water level.","bypassesPct":null,"bypassNote":"Water damage is a DISCLOSURE on a total-loss application here, so it rides the 75% total-loss determination rather than standing as an independent no-percentage trigger the way it does in WV or AR. Do not state it as a bypass.","stickiness":"STRONGEST FOUND SO FAR, verbatim (4): \"Once the “Flood Vehicle” legend is issued, on a salvage certificate of title or any other certificate of title, the legend will be reflected on all subsequent certificates of title regardless of whether the vehicle is subsequently rebuilt in this or any other state.\" Alabama follows the car across state lines and across a rebuild.","citation":"Ala. Admin. Code r. 810-5-75-.57(1)(b), (1)(c), (3), (4)","earnedFrom":"state-law-watch 2026-08-14 (quotes verified REAL; rule read whole)"},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"\"Parts Only – Non-Rebuildable\" legend on the salvage certificate of title","test":"Applicant-declared: the applicant (uninsured/self-insured owner) or the insurer's authorized representative \"must disclose whether the vehicle is “Junk” or to be “Sold For Parts Only” on the MVT 41-1\".","rebuildBarred":"ABSOLUTE AND VERBATIM: \"A vehicle which is disclosed as “Junk” or to be “Sold For Parts Only” cannot be rebuilt and no subsequent certificate of title will be issued for the vehicle after the salvage certificate of title is issued with a “Parts Only – Non Rebuildable” legend.\"","scrapCarveOut":"Dismantlers and scrap processors acquiring a total loss vehicle to recycle into metallic scrap for remelting need NO salvage certificate at all and report the vehicle as \"junk\" through the department's SCRAP portal -- a separate terminal path that never touches the title system.","citation":"Ala. Admin. Code r. 810-5-75-.57(1)(b), (1)(c), (3), and the closing NOTE","earnedFrom":"state-law-watch 2026-08-14 (quotes verified REAL; rule read whole)"}},{"state":"AR","name":"Arkansas","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":70,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-333): Ark. Code Ann. s 27-14-2301(6) confirmed verbatim from owner-supplied 2024 Arkansas Code + AR DFA (the official code is LexisNexis-hosted). INCLUSIVE (>=70%), denominator = average retail value per Office of Motor Vehicle rule; plus an independent water-damage prong that needs no percentage. Verbatim: \"Sustains any other damage in an amount equal to or exceeding seventy percent (70%) of its average retail value as determined under criteria established by rule of the Office of Motor Vehicle\".","ageLimit":"TWO LAYERS. Statute: NO age limit (s 27-14-2301(2) as amended by Act 2019 No. 497). Rule, CURRENT (27 CAR Part 14, doc stamped 2026-03-23, re-read via the 08-09 hunt digests): 14-101(5)(B)(i)(e) EXCLUDES any vehicle more than seven (7) model years old prior to the year of occurrence, with the arithmetic written in at (ii) (subtract 8 from the current calendar year); 14-108(a) gives age-excluded vehicles an express clean-title reassignment path. Verbatim support in notes.","citation":"27 CAR §§ 14-101 through 14-109 (Salvage, Rebuilt, and Parts-only Vehicles), promulgated under Ark. Code Ann. § 27-14-2307; statutory scheme at Ark. Code Ann. §§ 27-14-2301 et seq.","sourceUrl":"https://webftp.blr.arkansas.gov/Home/FTPDocument?path=CAR%2FParts%2F27CARpt14.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-06/07","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"water-damaged (a salvage vehicle by definition)","causeTest":"A DEPTH TEST, AND A DIFFERENT DATUM FROM EVERY OTHER STATE READ SO FAR -- 27 CAR s 14-101(15) verbatim: \"“Water-damaged” means damage to a motor vehicle caused by submerging or partially submerging the vehicle in water to the extent that the vehicle was submerged or partially submerged at any water level ABOVE THE DASHBOARD of the vehicle, regardless of the actual dollar amount of the damage.\" DC and WV measure water entering the passenger or trunk compartment; HI adds the engine; Arkansas measures against the dashboard, which is a materially higher line.","bypassesPct":true,"bypassNote":"Express and unambiguous: s 14-101(14)(A) makes a water-damaged vehicle a salvage vehicle in its own right, and the definition ends \"regardless of the actual dollar amount of the damage\". The 70% test is the OTHER limb, s 14-101(14)(B).","citation":"27 CAR §§ 14-101(14)(A), 14-101(15)","earnedFrom":"state-law-watch 2026-08-14 (quote verified REAL; part read whole)"},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"parts-only title, bearing BOTH notations \"PARTS ONLY\" and \"Not for Registration\"","test":"s 14-101(9): a vehicle \"that has no resale value except as a source for parts or scrap\". s 14-104(a) covers the junk/nonrepairable class under Ark. Code s 27-14-913 plus the Notice of Intent to Dismantle, or an out-of-state junking certificate.","rebuildBarred":"TERMINAL BY REGISTRATION BAR RATHER THAN BY TITLE BAR: s 14-104(a) says such a vehicle \"shall not be registered in the State of Arkansas\", and the title itself carries \"Not for Registration\" on its face. The bar is on the road, not on the paper.","statutoryHistory":"Act 445 of 2009 created the insurer parts-only route and expressly supersedes any contrary provision of the older Rule 2007-8 -- recorded because it is the kind of supersession the D-359 repeal trap looks for, and here it is disclosed on the face of the codified part.","citation":"27 CAR §§ 14-101(9), 14-104(a)-(b); Ark. Code Ann. § 27-14-913","earnedFrom":"state-law-watch 2026-08-14 (part read whole)"}},{"state":"AZ","name":"Arizona","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-335): read verbatim by Claude from azleg.gov A.R.S. 28-2091(T)(3) (first-party). NONE -- no statutory percentage; discretionary. Verbatim: \"Salvage vehicle\" is damaged \"to the extent that the owner, leasing company, financial institution or insurance company considers it uneconomical to repair the vehicle\".","ageLimit":null,"citation":"A.R.S. § 28-2091(T)(3)","sourceUrl":"https://www.azleg.gov/ars/28/02091.htm","readOn":"2026-08-14","junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"nonrepairable vehicle certificate of title, branded \"nonrepairable\" on its face","test":"A vehicle with no resale value except as parts or scrap (definitional); the insurer or owner selects which of the three certificates to apply for.","rebuildBarred":"THE HARDEST TERMINAL FOUND SO FAR, verbatim (F): \"If the department issues a nonrepairable vehicle certificate of title for a vehicle, the registration of the vehicle is cancelled... The ownership of a vehicle for which a nonrepairable vehicle certificate of title has been issued shall not be reassigned more than two times on that certificate of title or a title transfer form. If a nonrepairable vehicle certificate of title is issued for a vehicle, the department shall not perform any title transfers or issue any further paper certificate of title for that vehicle.\" Registration cancelled, transfers capped at two, and the paper title supply is cut off permanently.","citation":"A.R.S. § 28-2091(F)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-14 (section read whole)"}},{"state":"CA","name":"California","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (D-337; prior pass tier VERIFIED, Cal. Veh. Code s 544 on leginfo.legislature.ca.gov): NONE -- no percentage; \"uneconomical to repair\" as determined by the owner, lessor, lienholder or insurer.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Cal. Veh. Code § 544","sourceUrl":"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=VEH&sectionNum=544.","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"CO","name":"Colorado","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":100,"pctIsDerived":true,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: EXCLUSIVE, and there is no percentage at all. 'exceeds the vehicle's retail fair market value immediately prior to the damage.' The 100 in this file is arithmetic, not a figure Colorado chose.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"C.R.S. § 42-6-102(17)(a)(I)(C) (trigger) and § 42-6-102(17)(b) (denominator method)","sourceUrl":"https://olls.info/crs/crs2025-title-42.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"CT","name":"Connecticut","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE from official OLR reports 2004-R-0674 and 2017-R-0165: INCLUSIVE. 'Constructive total loss' arises where repair or salvage cost 'EQUALS OR EXCEEDS the total value of the property at the time of loss.' Exactly at parity, the vehicle IS a constructive total loss. Connecticut therefore joins New Jersey as an inclusive 100-percent jurisdiction, against Colorado, Utah, Texas and Pennsylvania which all say 'exceeds'.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-16c(a)(1)(A) (10-major-part rule); § 14-16c(f) (theft-only 15% / $1,000 exemption)","sourceUrl":"https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_246.htm","readOn":"2026-08-14","junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"\"SALVAGE PARTS ONLY\" stamped on the certificate of title","test":"A COUNT, NOT A PERCENTAGE, verbatim: where the insurer (or self-insurer) \"determines that such motor vehicle has ten or more major component parts that are damaged beyond repair and must be replaced\". \"Major component part\" takes its meaning from s 14-149a(a)(2).","rebuildBarred":"Not stated as an absolute bar in this section -- the stamp marks the vehicle rather than cancelling its titling future. Do not describe it as terminal until the downstream sections are read.","citation":"Conn. Gen. Stat. § 14-16c(a)(1)(A), (a)(2)(A), (a)(3)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-14 (section read whole)"}},{"state":"DC","name":"District of Columbia","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-330): runner read code.dccouncil.gov s 50-1331.01 (200); boundary confirmed verbatim by Claude from run 8's snippet. EXCLUSIVE, 75%, denominator = retail value prior to damage; plus owner voluntary designation. Verbatim: repair cost \"exceeds 75 percent of the retail value of the vehicle prior to such damage\"; \"(B) The owner voluntarily designates as a salvage vehicle\".","ageLimit":null,"citation":"DC Code § 50-1331.01(12)(A)","sourceUrl":"https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/50-1331.01","readOn":"2026-08-04","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"Flood Vehicle","causeTest":"verbatim s 50-1331.01(3): \"a motor vehicle that has been submerged to the point that water entered the passenger or trunk compartments\"","bypassesPct":true,"citation":"DC Code § 50-1331.01(3); chapter 13A is titled \"Salvage, Flood Notification and Non-Repairable Vehicle Certification\"","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-12 (cached page bytes)"},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"Junk Vehicle","test":"verbatim s 50-1331.01(3A): \"(A) The Department has determined is incapable of operation for use on the roads or highways and has no resale value except as a source of parts or scrap\" or (B) owner voluntary designation","rebuildBarred":"terminal by definition (parts or scrap only)","citation":"DC Code § 50-1331.01(3A)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-12 (quote verified REAL)"}},{"state":"DE","name":"Delaware","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-337): read verbatim by Claude from delcode.delaware.gov 21 Del. C. s 2512(a) (first-party). NONE -- no percentage; salvage is triggered by transfer \"as a result of a total loss insurance settlement\" (the insurer's determination), or by owner-retained salvage.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"21 Del. C. § 2512(a)","sourceUrl":"https://delcode.delaware.gov/title21/c025/index.html","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"FL","name":"Florida","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":80,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (prior pass, tier VERIFIED; normalized D-336): MIXED WITHIN ONE SECTION. The uninsured test at s 319.30(3)(a)1.b is INCLUSIVE - '80 percent OR MORE'. The repair-agreement brand at (3)(a)2 is EXCLUSIVE - 'EXCEEDS 100 percent'. The certificate-of-destruction test at (3)(c) is INCLUSIVE - 'equal to 90 percent OR MORE'. Three thresholds, two boundaries.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Fla. Stat. § 319.30(3)(a)1.b.","sourceUrl":"https://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0300-0399%2F0319%2FSections%2F0319.30.html","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"GA","name":"Georgia","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (D-336; tier VERIFIED, O.C.G.A. via LexisNexis, Georgia's designated official publisher): NONE -- no percentage anywhere. Primary test at O.C.G.A. 40-3-2(11)(A) is damage requiring replacement of TWO OR MORE major component parts; \"major component part\" is defined at 40-3-2(9).","ageLimit":null,"citation":"O.C.G.A. § 40-3-2(11), with 'major component part' defined at § 40-3-2(9)","sourceUrl":"https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=00JAAzZDgzNzU2ZC05MDA0LTRmMDItYjkzMS0xOGY3MjE3OWNlODIKAFBvZENhdGFsb2fcIFfJnJ2IC8XZi1AYM4Ne (Georgia General Assembly Public Access - the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, published by LexisNexis under contract with the Georgia Code Revision Commission)","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"HI","name":"Hawaii","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"STRICTLY GREATER, and CONJUNCTIVE: 286-2 says a vehicle is a total loss \"only if\" there is material damage to named systems AND projected repair cost \"exceeds the market value\". Both limbs must be met; neither alone brands.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"HRS § 286-48; § 286-2","sourceUrl":"https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol05_Ch0261-0319/HRS0286/HRS_0286-0002.htm","readOn":"2026-08-13"},{"state":"IA","name":"Iowa","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":70,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE 2026-08-11 -- both layers read from official legis.iowa.gov PDFs this session (host reachable, first attempt, both documents). EXCLUSIVE on the percentage: statute 321.52(4)(e) \"cost of repair EXCEEDS seventy percent\"; rule 405.2(1) \"repair costs EXCEEDING 70 percent\". INCLUSIVE at the floor: rule prong 2 \"$500 OR MORE\"; statute 321.52(4)(b) verbatim: \"This subsection applies only to vehicles with a fair market value of five hundred dollars or more, based on the value before the vehicle became wrecked or salvage.\" The earlier SCREENED note located the floor correctly and is now verified. STRUCTURE: the statute keeps the percentage definition (4)(e) and the value floor (4)(b) in separate paragraphs; rule 405.2(1) merges them into one conjunctive definition.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"761 IAC 405.2(1) (wrecked or salvage vehicle: 70 percent AND $500 floor); 761 IAC 405.2(2) (fair market value, determination method); 761 IAC 405.4(2) ($3,000 insurer certification); 761 IAC 405.7(1)(c)-(d) (designations); Iowa Code §§ 321.52, 321.69","sourceUrl":"https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/iac/chapter/761.405.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-06/07; 2026-08-11 (statute + rule re-read, official PDFs, this machine)"},{"state":"ID","name":"Idaho","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"NO PERCENTAGE. The test is a judgement -- \"makes it uneconomical to repair or rebuild\" -- so there is no boundary to state and none may be implied.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Idaho Code § 49-123(2)(o)","sourceUrl":"https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/title49/t49ch1/sect49-123/","readOn":"2026-08-14"},{"state":"IL","name":"Illinois","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":50,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: EXCLUSIVE at every numeric trigger, with no inclusive formulation anywhere in the section. Verbatim: 'greater than 70% of its fair market value' (self-insured), 'greater than 50% of its fair market value' (lienholder, fleet, flood), 'in excess of 50%' (lienholder alternative wording, and licensed rebuilders/dealers). A vehicle at exactly 50.0 or exactly 70.0 is NOT salvage in Illinois.","ageLimit":"9 model years (owner-retention carve-out)","citation":"625 ILCS 5/3-117.1(b)","sourceUrl":"https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ILCS/details?ActName=Illinois%20Vehicle%20Code.&ActID=1815&ChapterID=49&ChapAct=FullText","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"IN","name":"Indiana","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":70,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-334): IC 9-22-3-3(a) read verbatim from iga.in.gov (first-party official app, owner-supplied). EXCLUSIVE, 70%, denominator = fair market value immediately before the damage -- but the 70% governs ONLY prong (a)(2) (owner is a business that self-insures, or a person who acquired the vehicle AFTER it was damaged); the main insurer prong (a)(1) is qualitative (\"economically impractical to repair\" + agreed settlement) with no percentage, and (a)(3) is flood. Only vehicles manufactured within the last 7 model years. Verbatim: repair cost \"exceeds seventy percent (70%) of the fair market value immediately before the vehicle was wrecked, destroyed, or damaged\".","ageLimit":"SEVEN MODEL YEARS, NEW TO THIS ROW. IC 9-22-3-3(a): a certificate of salvage title is required for a vehicle 'that is MANUFACTURED WITHIN THE LAST SEVEN (7) MODEL YEARS and meets any of the following criteria'. The age gate sits ahead of all three triggers, so an eight-year-old Indiana vehicle is outside the regime regardless of damage.","citation":"IC 9-22-3-3(a)","sourceUrl":"https://law.justia.com/codes/indiana/title-9/article-22/chapter-3/section-9-22-3-3/ (Justia mirror; see readVia caveat)","readOn":"2026-08-04","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"salvage title on flood trigger","causeTest":null,"causeTestNote":"IC 9-22-3-3(a)(3) makes \"the vehicle is a flood damaged vehicle\" a salvage-title trigger (from this row's own earlier verified read); the DEFINITION at IC 9-22-3-2.5 has been observed only as a heading (2026-08-12 TOC read) -- text still unread","bypassesPct":null,"citation":"IC 9-22-3-3(a)(3); definition at IC 9-22-3-2.5 (unread)","earnedFrom":"row's prior verified read; TOC observation 2026-08-12"}},{"state":"KS","name":"Kansas","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: INCLUSIVE, but only where the percentage applies at all. K.S.A. 8-197(b)(2)(B) verbatim: 'a late model vehicle ... wrecked or damaged to the extent that the total cost of repair is 75% OR MORE of the fair market value of the motor vehicle immediately preceding the time it was wrecked or damaged'. Exactly 75.0 qualifies.","ageLimit":"late model: model year within 6 preceding years","citation":"K.S.A. 8-197(b)(2)(B)","sourceUrl":"https://ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch08/008_001_0097.html","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"KY","name":"Kentucky","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: MIXED ACROSS TWO PROVISIONS. The titling test at KRS 186A.520(1)(a)1 is EXCLUSIVE - 'exceeds seventy-five percent (75%)'. The insurer payment bar at KRS 186A.530(7)(b) is INCLUSIVE - damage that 'MEETS OR EXCEEDS seventy-five percent (75%)'. So at exactly 75.0 the insurer may not pay until the title is dealt with, but the owner's titling duty has not yet attached. A one-provision gap at the boundary.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"KRS 186A.520(1)(a)1. (operative, eff. 2026-07-15); KRS 186A.530(7)(b) (insurer payment bar); KRS 304.20-110 with 806 KAR 20:030 (valuation guides, eff. 2026-02-03); 601 KAR 9:200 § 2(1) (stale, see registerWarning)","sourceUrl":"https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/kar/titles/601/009/200/","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"LA","name":"Louisiana","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"MEETS-OR-EXCEEDS: \"damages equivalent to seventy-five percent or more of the market value\" -- exactly 75.0 qualifies.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"La. R.S. 32:702(14)","sourceUrl":"https://legis.la.gov/Legis/Law.aspx?d=88513","readOn":"2026-08-14","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"water-damaged vehicle; and, in declared disasters, a CERTIFICATE OF DESTRUCTION","causeTest":"verbatim (17): \"Water-damaged vehicle\" means any vehicle whose POWER TRAIN, COMPUTER, OR ELECTRICAL SYSTEM has been damaged by flooding and that is a \"total loss\" as defined in this Section. A SYSTEMS TEST, NOT A WATER-LEVEL TEST -- unlike DC/WV (passenger or trunk compartment), HI (adds the engine) and AR (above the dashboard), Louisiana asks which systems were harmed, not how deep the water was.","bypassesPct":false,"bypassNote":"Expressly NOT a bypass: the definition requires the vehicle to be \"a total loss as defined in this Section\", so the 75% test still has to be met. Louisiana is the clearest case in the file of a flood brand that RIDES the percentage rather than replacing it.","disasterVariant":"verbatim (5): a \"certificate of destruction\" issues for a water-damaged vehicle -- other than an antique or a vehicle over 20,000 lbs GVWR -- whose power train, computer or electrical system was damaged by flooding \"as the result of a GUBERNATORIALLY DECLARED DISASTER OR EMERGENCY\" and that is a total loss. \"The certificate of destruction shall be reassignable a maximum of two times prior to dismantling or destruction of the vehicle.\" A disaster-scoped terminal brand, which no other state in this file has.","citation":"La. R.S. 32:702(5), (14), (17)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-14 (definitions read whole)"},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"certificate of destruction","test":"Flood total loss arising from a gubernatorially declared disaster or emergency (excluding antiques and vehicles over 20,000 lbs GVWR).","rebuildBarred":"Reassignable at most TWICE \"prior to dismantling or destruction of the vehicle\" -- the document exists to walk the vehicle to its destruction, not back to the road.","citation":"La. R.S. 32:702(5)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-14 (definitions read whole)"}},{"state":"MA","name":"Massachusetts","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"NO NUMBER AT ALL. The test is a judgement -- \"considers it uneconomical to repair\" -- so there is no boundary to state and none may be implied.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"M.G.L. c. 90D § 1; c. 90D § 20","sourceUrl":"https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXIV/Chapter90D/Section1","readOn":"2026-08-14"},{"state":"MD","name":"Maryland","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: EXCLUSIVE. Md. Code Transp. s 11-152(a)(1): repair cost that 'EXCEEDS 75% of the fair market value of the vehicle prior to sustaining the damage'. Exactly 75.0 does not qualify.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Md. Code, Transp. § 11-152(a)(1); § 13-506(c)","sourceUrl":"https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=gtr&section=11-152&enactments=false","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"ME","name":"Maine","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"NO NUMBER. Both operative definitions are status/judgement tests, not ratios.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 29-A § 602(13); § 667(1)","sourceUrl":"https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/29-a/title29-Asec602.html","readOn":"2026-08-14"},{"state":"MI","name":"Michigan","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE 2026-08-06. INCLUSIVE, written three ways for one relation: 257.12a \"is equal to or exceeds 75%\"; 257.217c(2)(a)(ii) \"equal to or more than 75% but less than 91%\"; 257.217c(2)(b)(i), (5), (8), (10) \"equal to or greater than 75%\". Exactly 75.0 qualifies. Michigan is the clearest case in this file of one legislature using three formulations for a single boundary inside one act.","ageLimit":"late model only: <=8,000 lbs, current model year + 5 preceding; >8,000 lbs, current + 15 preceding (MCL 257.24b). The definition at 257.12a has NO age limit; every DUTY in 257.217c adds one.","citation":"MCL 257.217c(2)(a)(ii)","sourceUrl":"https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-257-217c","readOn":"2026-08-06"},{"state":"MN","name":"Minnesota","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":80,"boundaryRule":"THE 80 PERCENT APPLIES ONLY TO A SELF-INSURED OWNER (subd. 1(f)). For an insurer-acquired vehicle there is no percentage at all -- the brand follows acquisition through payment of damages. Do not state 80% as Minnesota's general rule.","ageLimit":"late-model: model year >= 5th calendar year preceding current; or high-value >$9,000 ACV","citation":"Minn. Stat. § 168A.01 subd. 17b; § 168A.151 subd. 1(f)","sourceUrl":"https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/168A.151","readOn":"2026-08-14","junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"junking certificate of title","test":"subd. 4: \"When a person acquires ownership of a vehicle that is an unrepairable total loss vehicle, the person shall surrender the assigned certificate of title to the department and apply for a junking certificate of title.\"","rebuildBarred":"VERBATIM subd. 6: \"A junking certificate authorizes the holder only to possess and transport the vehicle, except that a salvage pool or insurance company, or its agent, may sell an unrepairable total loss vehicle with a junking certificate to a licensed used parts dealer or a licensed scrap metal processor.\" Possess and transport only -- no road return, and the only permitted onward sale is into the parts and scrap chain.","citation":"Minn. Stat. § 168A.151, subds. 4 and 6","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-14 (section read whole)"}},{"state":"MO","name":"Missouri","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":80,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-330): runner read revisor.mo.gov RSMo 301.010(55) (200); boundary confirmed verbatim by Claude. EXCLUSIVE, 80%, denominator = fair market value; six-model-year age limit; repair-cost total excludes air bags, tires, sound systems, hail damage and sales tax. Verbatim: repair cost \"exceeds eighty percent of the fair market value\"; \"damaged during a year that is no more than six years after the manufacturer's model year\".","ageLimit":"no more than 6 years after model year designation","citation":"Mo. Rev. Stat. § 301.010(55)(a)","sourceUrl":"https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=301.010","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"MS","name":"Mississippi","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (D-337; prior pass tier VERIFIED, Miss. Admin. Code Title 35 Pt VII Subpt 6 Ch 05, auth. Miss. Code 63-21-33/-39): NONE -- no percentage. WARNING: the circulating \"75% of fair retail\" figure traces to HB 1413 (2013), which was NEVER ENACTED. Exemption for damage requiring replacement of 5 or fewer component parts.","ageLimit":"10 years old AND value <=$1,500 exempt","citation":"Miss. Admin. Code Title 35 Pt. VII Subpt. 6 Ch. 05 § 104 (definition); § 103 (rebuilt); §§ 106-108 (component parts); §§ 301-302 (insurer duty). Statutory authority Miss. Code Ann. §§ 63-21-33, 63-21-39.","sourceUrl":"https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000162c.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-06"},{"state":"MT","name":"Montana","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"NO NUMBER AT ALL. The test is a JUDGEMENT -- \"uneconomical to repair\" -- so there is no boundary to state and none may be implied.","ageLimit":"insurer duty only for vehicles <15 years old","citation":"Mont. Code Ann. § 61-3-210(8); § 61-3-211","sourceUrl":"https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0610/chapter_0030/part_0020/section_0100/0610-0030-0020-0100.html","readOn":"2026-08-13"},{"state":"NC","name":"North Carolina","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-330): runner read ncleg.gov G.S. 20-71.3(h) (200); boundary confirmed verbatim by Claude. EXCLUSIVE, 75%, denominator = fair market value at the time of the collision, both age bands; the over-six-model-year band additionally excludes air-bag-restraint replacement cost. Verbatim: \"a branded title shall be issued if the cost of repairs, including parts and labor, exceeds seventy-five percent (75%) of its fair market value at the time of the collision\".","ageLimit":"6 model years changes the numerator, not the percentage","citation":"G.S. 20-71.3(h); G.S. 20-4.01(33)d","sourceUrl":"https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/PDF/BySection/Chapter_20/GS_20-71.3.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-04","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"Flood Vehicle (branded-title classification (4))","causeTest":null,"causeTestNote":"classification list read verbatim; the flood DEFINITION (G.S. 20-4.01) was not read this pass -- do not state a cause test until it is","bypassesPct":null,"citation":"G.S. 20-71.3(a)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-12 (quote verified REAL)"}},{"state":"ND","name":"North Dakota","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (prior pass, tier VERIFIED; normalized D-336): EXCEEDS, NOT MEETS-OR-EXCEEDS - AND NORTH DAKOTA USES BOTH BOUNDARIES IN ONE CHAPTER. The salvage trigger at 39-05-20.2(1) is 'damaged IN EXCESS OF seventy-five percent', so exactly 75.0% does NOT qualify. The disclosure trigger at 39-05-17.2(3) is damage 'which EQUALS OR EXCEEDS the greater of ten thousand dollars or twenty-five percent', so exactly 25% DOES. Opposite boundaries, same chapter, twenty lines apart. Contrast Alabama, Nebraska, South Carolina and Kentucky, all meets-or-exceeds on their salvage tests.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"N.D.C.C. § 39-05-20.2(1)","sourceUrl":"https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t39c05.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"NE","name":"Nebraska","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (prior pass, tier VERIFIED; normalized D-336): INCLUSIVE, and expressly so: repair cost that 'MEETS OR EXCEEDS seventy-five percent of the retail value'. Exactly 75.0% qualifies.","ageLimit":"DISJUNCTIVE, either limb qualifies: (a) model year of the loss or any of the SIX preceding years, OR (b) retail value above $12,500. The $12,500 is CONFIRMED CURRENT - see notes.","citation":"Neb. Rev. Stat. § 60-171(7)(a)","sourceUrl":"https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=60-171","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"NH","name":"New Hampshire","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"MEETS-OR-EXCEEDS: VI(b) says \"75 percent or more of its fair market value prior to the vehicle being damaged\" -- exactly 75.0 qualifies.","ageLimit":"model year plus 4 subsequent calendar years","citation":"RSA 261:22, VI(b)","sourceUrl":"https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XXI/261/261-22.htm","readOn":"2026-08-13"},{"state":"NJ","name":"New Jersey","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":100,"pctIsDerived":true,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: INCLUSIVE, and New Jersey is the ONLY 100-percent jurisdiction in this file that says so. N.J.A.C. 13:21-22.3 verbatim: \"'Economically impractical to repair' means that the motor vehicle is damaged to such an extent that: 1. For those motor vehicles manufactured EIGHT OR LESS MODEL YEARS from the current model year, the cost to repair such damaged motor vehicle, as determined by a bona fide repair estimate, EQUALS OR EXCEEDS the fair market value of the motor vehicle immediately before it was damaged.\" Colorado, Utah, Texas and Pennsylvania all say EXCEEDS. New Jersey says EQUALS OR EXCEEDS. At exactly parity the car is salvage in New Jersey and is not in the other four.","ageLimit":"8 model years (older vehicles have a separate value-floor test)","citation":"N.J.A.C. 13:21-22.3; N.J.S.A. 39:10-31","sourceUrl":"https://www.nj.gov/mvc/pdf/business/salvage-regs.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"NM","name":"New Mexico","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-335): read verbatim by Claude from srca.nm.gov 18.19.3.52 NMAC (first-party; interpreting NMSA 66-1-4.16(C)). NONE -- no stated percentage; salvage turns on road-worthy repair cost vs NADA fair market value (rule's worked example: repair 800 < FMV 1000 = not salvage), OR an insurer's declaration regardless of the cost/value ratio.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"NMSA 1978 § 66-1-4.16(C); 18.19.3.52 NMAC","sourceUrl":"https://www.srca.nm.gov/parts/title18/18.019.0003.html","readOn":"2026-08-14"},{"state":"NV","name":"Nevada","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":65,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (prior pass, tier VERIFIED; normalized D-336): INCLUSIVE. '65 percent OR MORE of the fair market value'. Exactly 65.0% qualifies. Subsection 2(c) mirrors it from the other side - a vehicle is NOT a total loss where the cost to repair 'is LESS THAN 65 percent' - so the two halves meet without a gap, which is better drafting than most.","ageLimit":"10 model years+ carve-out for limited panel damage","citation":"NRS 487.790(1)(b) (65% test and exclusions); NRS 487.730 (fair market value defined); NRS 487.800(1) (owner duty)","sourceUrl":"https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-487.html","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"NY","name":"New York","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-333): 15 NYCRR 20.20(c)(1)(ii) confirmed verbatim from NY DFS OGC opinion 00-02-13 (dfs.ny.gov, first-party) and Cornell LII (the official NYCRR is Westlaw-hosted). EXCLUSIVE, 75%, denominator = retail value at time of loss per a nationally recognized compilation; only vehicles 8 model years old or newer on the date of loss; + owner voluntary declaration. Verbatim: cost to rebuild \"exceeds 75 percent of the retail value of the vehicle at the time of loss as set forth in a current nationally recognized compilation of retail values\".","ageLimit":"8 model years","citation":"15 NYCRR § 20.20(c) (VTL §§ 429, 430 contain no percentage)","sourceUrl":"https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/new-york/15-NYCRR-20.20 (Cornell LII mirror; official text is Westlaw-hosted via https://dmv.ny.gov/about-dmv/dmv-regulations)","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"OH","name":"Ohio","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-337): read verbatim by Claude from codes.ohio.gov R.C. 4505.11(C)(1) (first-party). NONE -- no percentage; the trigger is an insurance company declaring it \"economically impractical to repair\" (same standard in (D) for a self-insured organization, rental/leasing company, or secured creditor).","ageLimit":null,"citation":"R.C. 4505.11(C)(1); R.C. 4738.01(B)","sourceUrl":"https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-4505.11","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"OK","name":"Oklahoma","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":60,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-333): 47 O.S. s 1105(A)(1) confirmed verbatim -- owner-supplied official text (oscn.net is robots-disallow to automated fetch; owner read the official page, matched to the 2025 codification). EXCLUSIVE, 60%, denominator = fair market value as defined by s 1111; only vehicles within the last 10 model years; repair cost counts ONLY labor and parts for actual damage to suspension, motor, transmission, frame or unibody and designated structural components. Junk title = 80% loss in FMV. Verbatim: repair cost \"exceeds sixty percent (60%) of its fair market value ... immediately prior to the damage\".","ageLimit":"within the last 10 model years, and s 1111(A)(5) independently defines 'vehicle' for that section the same way","citation":"47 O.S. § 1105(A)(1) (definition); § 1111(C)(1) (operative duty)","sourceUrl":"https://law.justia.com/codes/oklahoma/title-47/section-47-1105/ and https://law.justia.com/codes/oklahoma/title-47/section-47-1111/ (Justia mirror; s 1111 read directly by Claude, both sections then supplied in full by Anthony and matched)","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"OR","name":"Oregon","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":80,"boundaryRule":"MEETS-OR-EXCEEDS: 801.527(3) says \"equal to at least 80 percent\" -- exactly 80.0 qualifies.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"ORS 801.527(3)","sourceUrl":"https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors801.html","readOn":"2026-08-13"},{"state":"PA","name":"Pennsylvania","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":100,"pctIsDerived":true,"boundaryRule":"NO STATED PERCENTAGE. The test is comparative -- repair cost exceeding the value OF THE REPAIRED VEHICLE -- which is a break-even, and our 100 is arithmetic rather than the statute's words (see _meta.derivedNotStatedPercentages).","ageLimit":null,"citation":"75 Pa.C.S. § 102; § 1161","sourceUrl":"https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/75/00.001.002.000..HTM","readOn":"2026-08-14"},{"state":"RI","name":"Rhode Island","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"STRICTLY GREATER: \"exceeds seventy-five percent (75%)\" -- exactly 75.0 does NOT qualify.","ageLimit":"less than 7 years beyond date of manufacture","citation":"R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-46-3","sourceUrl":"https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE31/31-46/31-46-3.htm","readOn":"2026-08-13"},{"state":"SC","name":"South Carolina","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"MEETS-OR-EXCEEDS: s 56-19-480(G) says repair cost \"equal or exceed seventy-five percent of the fair market value\" -- exactly 75.0 qualifies.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"S.C. Code Ann. § 56-19-480(G); § 56-19-485(B)","sourceUrl":"https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t56c019.php","readOn":"2026-08-14","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"salvage flood (and salvage fire alongside it)","causeTest":"FILLED 2026-08-14 from S.C. Code s 56-1-10(32), read in Chrome. THREE ALTERNATIVE LIMBS, and it is the broadest flood test in the file: an insurer has paid a total loss claim due to damage caused by (a) \"having been submerged in water to a point the level of the water was HIGHER THAN THE DOOR SILL of the vehicle\" OR \"having had water enter the PASSENGER, TRUNK, OR ENGINE compartment\"; or (b) \"having had water COME INTO CONTACT WITH THE ELECTRICAL OR COMPUTER COMPONENTS of the vehicle.\" Limb (b) needs no submersion depth at all -- contact with electronics is enough.","causeTestNote":"RESOLVED. The definitions are in s 56-1-10, chapter 1, which is why they were not in the cached chapter 19 bytes; fetched and read separately.","bypassesPct":false,"rebuiltVariants":"Each brand has a rebuilt counterpart tied to the same rebuild section: (31) Salvage Rebuilt, (33) Salvage Flood Rebuilt, (35) Salvage Fire Rebuilt -- each meaning a vehicle with that brand \"transferred to a new owner who has repaired the vehicle pursuant to Section 56-19-480(E)\". THE REBUILT BRAND IS TIED TO A TRANSFER, not merely to repair.","citation":"S.C. Code § 56-19-480(B), (E); definitions at § 56-1-10 (unread)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-14 (section read whole)","bypassNote":"NOT a bypass: every limb of s 56-1-10(32) is predicated on an insurer having PAID A TOTAL LOSS CLAIM, so the flood brand rides an insurer determination rather than replacing the 75% test.","fireBrand":"s 56-1-10(34) \"Salvage Fire\": an insurer \"has paid a total loss claim on a vehicle due to damage caused by fire\". Same structure as flood -- insurer-payment predicated, no threshold of its own."},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"\"Junk\" brand added to the title by the department","test":"VERBATIM s 56-1-10(36): \"means a brand added to a vehicle's title by the department to designate AN INSURANCE COMPANY HAS DETERMINED a vehicle has been damaged to the extent that it cannot be repaired for operation, or that it is only of value as a source of parts or scrap metal.\"","decider":"THE INSURER, expressly. South Carolina hands the junk determination to the insurance company rather than to the department or an inspector -- worth contrasting with DC, where the Department determines it, and WY, where it is a tow-operator instrument.","rebuildBarred":"NOT STATED IN THE DEFINITION. s 56-1-10(36) describes the brand, not its consequences, and 56-19-480(E) provides a rebuilt route only for \"salvage, salvage flood, or salvage fire\" vehicles -- junk is absent from that list, which implies but does not state a bar. Recorded as implied-not-stated rather than asserted.","citation":"S.C. Code § 56-1-10(36); rebuild route at § 56-19-480(E) lists only salvage/flood/fire","earnedFrom":"cross-reference chased 2026-08-14 in Chrome (D-392)"}},{"state":"SD","name":"South Dakota","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (D-337; prior pass tier VERIFIED, SDCL 32-3-51.19 on sdlegislature.gov): NONE -- no percentage and no denominator; the trigger is purely the insurer's or self-insurer's own total-loss determination. Theft expressly included.","ageLimit":"does not apply to vehicles more than 10 model years old or GVWR over 16,000 lbs","citation":"SDCL 32-3-51.19 (salvage vehicle defined); 32-3-51.20 (insurer acquires; 45 days); 32-3-51.21 (owner-retained; Class 1 misdemeanor); 32-3-53 (rebuilt title)","sourceUrl":"https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/32-3-51.19","readOn":"2026-08-06/07"},{"state":"TN","name":"Tennessee","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-333): Tenn. Code Ann. s 55-3-201(11)(A) confirmed verbatim from tn.gov/revenue (RBLT-1, first-party) and the 2024 Tennessee Code (official code is LexisNexis-gated). EXCLUSIVE, 75%, denominator = retail value per a nationally recognized compilation; \"passenger motor vehicle\" means 10 model years old or less; + owner voluntary designation (11)(D). Verbatim: cost to rebuild \"exceeds seventy-five percent (75%) of the retail value of the passenger motor vehicle, as set forth in a current edition of any nationally recognized compilation (to include automated databases) of retail values\".","ageLimit":"10 MODEL YEARS OR LESS, and <=9,000 lbs GVW, because both are built into the definition of 'passenger motor vehicle' at s 55-3-201(6) and the whole part reaches passenger motor vehicles only","citation":"Tenn. Code Ann. § 55-3-201(11)(A) (definition); § 55-3-209(b)(8)(A) (owner duty where no insurer is involved)","sourceUrl":"https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=014CJAA5ZGVhZjA3NS02MmMzLTRlZWQtOGJjNC00YzQ1MmZlNzc2YWYKAFBvZENhdGFsb2e9zYpNUjTRaIWVfyrur9ud (Tennessee Code Unannotated, Free Public Access, published by LexisNexis)","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"TX","name":"Texas","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":100,"pctIsDerived":true,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-329): Claude first-party read of the chapter in the owner's Chrome -- tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/TN/htm/TN.501.htm, the D-328-delegated single-page read, D-001-compatible. EXCLUSIVE. No percentage is stated anywhere in Chapter 501; the 100 is derived-not-stated. s 501.091(15)(A) verbatim: 'the cost of repairs ... exceeds the actual cash value of the motor vehicle immediately before the damage'; (15)(B) adds vehicles entering Texas on an out-of-state salvage title.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Tex. Transp. Code § 501.091(15)","sourceUrl":"https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/TN/htm/TN.501.htm","readOn":"2026-08-04","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"flood damage notation (carried from any state's title or NMVTIS record)","causeTest":null,"causeTestNote":"earned via the out-of-state carry-over list; Texas's own flood-title definition not read this pass","bypassesPct":null,"citation":"Tex. Transp. Code ch. 501 (out-of-state brand carry-over provision)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-12 (quote verified REAL)"},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"nonrepairable vehicle title / nonrepairable record of title","test":"terminal family carried from other states verbatim: \"nonrepairable, dismantle only, parts only, junked, scrapped, crushed\"; native duty: insurer acquiring a nonrepairable motor vehicle shall apply for a nonrepairable vehicle title","rebuildBarred":"nonrepairable pre-Sept-2003 titles have a 501.100 conversion path; post-2003 nonrepairable is terminal","citation":"Tex. Transp. Code §§ 501.091, 501.097/.0925 family, 501.100","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-12 (quotes verified REAL)"}},{"state":"UT","name":"Utah","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":100,"pctIsDerived":true,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED BY CLAUDE: EXCLUSIVE, and there is no percentage at all. 'the cost of repairing the vehicle for safe operation exceeds its fair market value.' The 100 is arithmetic.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"Utah Code § 41-1a-1001(8); § 41-1a-1005","sourceUrl":"https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title41/Chapter1A/C41-1a-P10_1800010118000101.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"VA","name":"Virginia","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (prior pass, tier VERIFIED; normalized D-336): EXCLUSIVE where a percentage is stated: 'EXCEEDS 75 percent' for recovered stolen vehicles, 'would EXCEED its actual cash value less its current salvage value' for the main test. Exactly at the line does NOT qualify - the opposite of Nebraska next door in our table.","ageLimit":"late model: current year plus 5 preceding, OR any vehicle with ACV of at least $10,000","citation":"Va. Code § 46.2-1600; § 46.2-1603(B)-(E)","sourceUrl":"https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title46.2/chapter16/section46.2-1600/","readOn":"2026-08-05"},{"state":"VT","name":"Vermont","method":"NONE","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-337): read verbatim by Claude from legislature.vermont.gov 23 V.S.A. s 2091(a) (first-party). NONE -- no percentage or denominator anywhere in Title 23 ch. 21; declaration-based (\"any insurance company ... who declares a motor vehicle to be a total loss\"). Excludes vehicles more than 15 years old and unrecovered/undamaged thefts.","ageLimit":"vehicles more than 15 years old exempt, but a contingent amendment deleting this is already on the books","citation":"23 V.S.A. § 2091(a); § 2001(13)-(14)","sourceUrl":"https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/23/021/02091","readOn":"2026-08-04"},{"state":"WA","name":"Washington","method":"TLF","salvageTitleBrandPct":null,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED (D-337; prior pass tier VERIFIED, RCW 46.12.600 and WAC 308-56A-460 on app.leg.wa.gov): TLF -- Washington uses a total-loss/market-value formula, not a flat percentage; the destroyed/salvage determination follows the market-value threshold in RCW 46.12.600 and WAC 308-56A-460.","ageLimit":"under 6 model years: always in scope. 6 through 20 model years: only if retail fair market value immediately before the damage was at least the market value threshold amount, currently $11,780 (WAC 308-56A-460(3)). More than 20 model years: never in scope.","citation":"RCW 46.04.514 (definition); RCW 46.12.600(5) (market value threshold; renumbered from (4) by 2026 c 101 § 1, eff. 2026-06-11); WAC 308-56A-460(3) (current amount) and (5) (fail-open default); WAC 308-56A-530(2)(d) (brand, by reference)","sourceUrl":"https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=46.04.514","readOn":"2026-08-06/07"},{"state":"WI","name":"Wisconsin","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":70,"boundaryRule":"VERIFIED 2026-08-12 (D-330): runner read docs.legis.wisconsin.gov Wis. Stat. 340.01(55g) (200); boundary confirmed verbatim by Claude. EXCLUSIVE, 70%, denominator = fair market value; only vehicles less than 7 years old; cost is estimated or actual, whichever greater; a hail-damaged vehicle is excluded unless repaired with any replacement part. Verbatim: repairing cost \"exceeds 70 percent of its fair market value\"; the section opens \"Salvage vehicle means a vehicle less than 7 years old\".","ageLimit":"vehicle must be LESS THAN 7 YEARS OLD","citation":"Wis. Stat. § 340.01(55g) (definition, where the 70% test actually lives); § 340.01(15v) (fair market value); § 342.065(1)(c) (insurer reporting duty)","sourceUrl":"https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/340/01/55g","readOn":"2026-08-13"},{"state":"WV","name":"West Virginia","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"MEETS-OR-EXCEEDS: (a) says \"sustained damages equivalent to seventy-five percent or more of the market value\" -- exactly 75.0 qualifies.","ageLimit":null,"citation":"W. Va. Code § 17A-4-10(a)","sourceUrl":"https://code.wvlegislature.gov/17A-4-10/","readOn":"2026-08-13","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"flood","causeTest":"verbatim (l)(2): \"the vehicle was submerged in water to the extent that water entered the passenger or trunk compartment\"","bypassesPct":true,"bypassNote":"(a): a flood-damaged vehicle IS a total loss by definition -- no percentage test; and (d): flood/fire damage can never take the cosmetic-total-loss route","citation":"W. Va. Code § 17A-4-10(a), (d), (l)(2)","earnedFrom":"section read whole 2026-08-13 from runner cache"},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"nonrepairable motor vehicle certificate","test":"verbatim (e): damage \"renders it nonrepairable, incapable of safe operation for use on roads and highways, and as having no resale value except as a source of parts or scrap\"","rebuildBarred":"issued IN LIEU of a salvage certificate, without charge; no rebuild path from it in this section","citation":"W. Va. Code § 17A-4-10(e)","earnedFrom":"section read whole 2026-08-13 from runner cache"}},{"state":"WY","name":"Wyoming","method":"PERCENT","salvageTitleBrandPct":75,"boundaryRule":"STRICTLY GREATER: 31-2-106(a)(v) says the cost \"exceeds seventy-five percent (75%)\", and 31-2-107(a) says \"sustains damage in an amount exceeding seventy-five percent (75%)\". Exactly 75.0 does NOT qualify.","ageLimit":"EIGHT YEARS OF SERVICE, with an express carve-out. 31-2-107(d): the section \"shall not apply to motor vehicles with more than eight (8) years of service EXCEPT any vehicle that was previously issued a title from any state that bore any word or symbol signifying that the vehicle was 'salvage', 'unrebuildable', 'parts only', 'scrap', 'junk', 'nonrepairable', 'reconstructed', 'rebuilt' or any other symbol or word of like kind, or that it has been damaged by flood, shall obtain a Wyoming title with the prior brand... carried forward on any subsequent Wyoming title REGARDLESS OF YEARS OF SERVICE.\" So age exempts a fresh Wyoming brand but never washes an inherited one.","citation":"Wyo. Stat. § 31-2-106(a)(v); § 31-2-107","sourceUrl":"https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title31.pdf","readOn":"2026-08-14","floodBrand":{"exists":true,"brand":"flood (branded across the certificate)","causeTest":null,"causeTestNote":"31-2-106(a)(i) governs the MECHANISM rather than the cause: disclosure \"shall be made at the time of transfer of ownership and the next certificate of title issued after the transfer shall be branded with the word 'flood'\". The definition of a flood vehicle itself was not isolated in this pass -- do not state a cause test until it is.","bypassesPct":null,"stickiness":"Flood is named in the 31-2-107(d) carry-forward list, so an inherited flood brand follows the vehicle onto a Wyoming title regardless of years of service.","citation":"W.S. 31-2-106(a)(i); 31-2-107(d)","earnedFrom":"salvage-register-check 2026-08-14 re-run (sections read whole)"},"junkTerminal":{"exists":true,"brand":"junk vehicle certificate of title, \"junk\" conspicuously displayed on the face of the certificate","scopeCorrection":"NARROWER THAN THIS FILE ASSUMED. W.S. 31-2-111 is titled \"Towing and recovery carrier junk vehicle certificate of title\" and the certificate issues only where \"the applicant... is a person owning or acting on behalf of an establishment for TOWING AND RECOVERY SERVICES\". It is a tow-lien disposal instrument, NOT a general junk brand available on the salvage side. 31-2-106(a)(vi) defines the document purely by reference to this section, so Wyoming has no general junk brand in the chapter as read.","test":"A towing and recovery operator applies with a sworn affidavit containing: an itemised tow bill with full vehicle description, plate, VIN and the date, time and place of towing; a current statement from a WYOMING LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER certifying the VIN was inspected IN WYOMING; a departmental title search disclosing owner and lienholders; a copy of the statutory notice with proof of certified mail; a PHOTOGRAPH of the vehicle; and a fair market value statement \"completed by an independent and disinterested licensed Wyoming vehicle dealer\". \"Junk vehicle\" itself is defined at W.S. 31-13-101(a)(xi), which was NOT read.","ownerReclaimWindow":"The owner, lienholder or their insurer may reclaim by paying towing, storage and notice charges within THIRTY days of the postmarked notice under 31-13-104(g)(iii), or within TEN days of receipt of the notice under 31-13-101(a)(x)(D).","rebuildBarred":"TERMINAL, AND ANSWERED VERBATIM. 31-2-111(c)(ii): the certificate shall be \"Used by the recipient ONLY to transfer ownership of a vehicle to a storage and disposal facility licensed under W.S. 31-13-114.\" And (d): once issued, \"the former owner and any lienholder or person entitled to possession of the vehicle has no further right, title, claim or interest in or to the vehicle.\" One permitted destination and total extinguishment of prior interests.","citation":"W.S. 31-2-111(a)-(d); document defined at 31-2-106(a)(vi); \"junk vehicle\" defined at 31-13-101(a)(xi) (READ 2026-08-14); abandonment limbs at 31-13-101(a)(x)(C)-(D)","earnedFrom":"cross-reference chased 2026-08-14 in the cached title31 PDF (D-390)","junkVehicleDefinition":"CLOSED 2026-08-14 from the same cached title31 PDF. W.S. 31-13-101(a)(xi) verbatim: \"'Junk vehicle' means a wrecked, damaged, disabled or apparently inoperable vehicle DEFINED AS ABANDONED under subparagraph (x)(C) or (D) of this subsection which has a FAIR MARKET VALUE OF LESS THAN TWO THOUSAND DOLLARS ($2,000.00)\". THREE CUMULATIVE CONDITIONS, and they narrow the brand further than D-390 already had: the vehicle must be wrecked/damaged/disabled/inoperable, AND legally ABANDONED -- left on private property beyond the owner's consent, or removed at police request and unclaimed for over ten days -- AND worth under $2,000. WYOMING'S JUNK BRAND THEREFORE HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH COLLISION SEVERITY AT ALL. A $30,000 vehicle destroyed in a wreck can never receive it, because it fails the value cap. It is an abandoned-vehicle disposal instrument with a dollar ceiling, reached through the towing statute."}}]}